Symbol	Name	Royal Thai		IPA		Class
		Initial	Final	Initial	Final	Class
ก	ko kai (chicken)	k	k	k	k	M
ข	kho khai (egg)	kh	k	kʰ	k	H
ฃ	kho khuat (bottle) [obsolete]	kh	k	kʰ	k	H
ค	kho khwai (water buffalo)	kh	k	kʰ	k	L
ฅ	kho khon (person) [obsolete]	kh	k	kʰ	k	L
ฆ	kho ra-khang (bell)	kh	k	kʰ	k	L
ง	ngo ngu (snake)	ng	ng	ŋ	ŋ	L
จ	cho chan (plate)	ch	t	tɕ	t	M
ฉ	cho ching (cymbals)	ch	-	tɕʰ	-	H
ช	cho chang (elephant)	ch	t	tɕʰ	t	L
ซ	so so (chain)	s	t	s	t	L
ฌ	cho choe (bush)	ch	-	tɕʰ	-	L
ญ	yo ying (woman)	y	n	j	n	L
ฎ	do cha-da (headdress)	d	t	d	t	M
ฏ	to pa-tak (goad)	t	t	t	t	M
ฐ	tho san-than (base)	th	t	tʰ	t	H
ฑ	tho nangmon-tho (dancer)	th	t	tʰ	t	L
ฒ	tho phu-thao (old person)	th	t	tʰ	t	L
ณ	no nen (novice monk)	n	n	n	n	L
ด	do dek (child)	d	t	d	t	M
ต	to tao (turtle)	t	t	t	t	M
ถ	tho thung (sack)	th	t	tʰ	t	H
ท	tho thahan (soldier)	th	t	tʰ	t	L
ธ	tho thong (flag)	th	t	tʰ	t	L
น	no nu (mouse)	n	n	n	n	L
บ	bo baimai (leaf)	b	p	b	p	M
ป	po plaa (fish)	p	p	p	p	M
ผ	pho phueng (bee)	ph	-	pʰ	-	H
ฝ	fo fa (lid)	f	-	f	-	H
พ	pho phan (tray)	ph	p	pʰ	p	L
ฟ	fo fan (teeth)	f	p	f	p	L
ภ	pho sam-phao (sailboat)	ph	p	pʰ	p	L
ม	mo ma (horse)	m	m	m	m	L
ย	yo yak (ogre)	y	y	j	j	L
ร	ro ruea (boat)	r	n	r	n	L
ฤ	ro rue (short) *	rue	-	rɯ	-	-
ฤๅ	ro rue (long) *	rue	-	rɯː	-	-
ล	lo ling (monkey)	l	n	l	n	L
ฦ	lo lue (short) *	lue	-	lɯ	-	-
ฦๅ	lo lue (long) *	lue	-	lɯː	-	-
ว	wo waen (ring)	w	w	w	w	L
ศ	so sala (pavilion)	s	t	s	t	H
ษ	so rue-si (hermit)	s	t	s	t	H
ส	so suea (tiger)	s	t	s	t	H
ห	ho hip (chest)	h	-	h	-	H
ฬ	lo chu-la (kite)	l	n	l	n	L
อ	o ang (basin)	**	-	ʔ	-	M
ฮ	ho nok-huk (owl)	h	-	h	-	L

Symbol	Name	IPA	Royal	Variants	Sound
–	implied a	a	a	u	u in "nut"
– –	implied o	o	o		oa in "boat"
–รร–	ro han *	ɑ	a	u	u in "nut"
–ว–	wo waen *	ua	ua	uar	ewe in "newer"
–วย	sara uai	uɛj	uai	uay	uoy in "buoy"
–อ	sara o	ɔː	o	or, aw	aw in "saw"
–อย	sara oi	ɔːj	oi	oy	oy in "boy"
–ะ	sara a	aʔ	a	u	u in "nut"
–ั –	mai han-akat	ɑ	a	u	u in "nut"
–ัย	sara ai	ɑj	ai		i in "hi"
–ัว	sara ua	ua	ua		ewe in "newer"
–ัวะ	sara ua	uaʔ	ua		ewe in "sewer"
–า	sara a	aː	a	ah, ar, aa	a in "father"
–าย	sara ai	aːj	ai	aai, aay, ay	ye in "bye"
–าว	sara ao	aːw	ao	au	ow in "now"
–ำ	sara am	ɑm	am	um	um in "sum"
–ิ	sara i	i	i		y in "greedy"
–ิว	sara io	iw	io	ew	ew in "new"
–ี	sara i	iː	i	ee, ii, y	ee in "see"
–ึ	sara ue	ɯ	ue	eu, u, uh	u in French "du" (short)
–ื	sara ue	ɯː	ue	eu, u	u in French "dur" (long)
–ุ	sara u	u	u	oo	oo in "look"
–ู	sara u	uː	u	oo, uu	ue in "sue"
เ–	sara e	eː	e	ay, a, ae, ai	a in "lame"
เ–็ –	sara e	e	e		e in "neck"
เ–ะ	sara e	eʔ	e	eh	e in "neck"
เ–ย	sara oei	ɤːj	oei	oey	u in "burn" + y in "boy"
เ–อ	sara oe	ɤː	oe	er, eu, ur	u in "burn"
เ–อะ	sara oe	ɤʔ	oe	eu	e in "the"
เ–ิ –	sara oe	ɤ	oe	eu, u	e in "the"
เ–ว	sara eo	eːw	eo	eu, ew	ai + ow in "rainbow"
เ–า	sara ao	aw	ao	aw, ow	ow in "cow"
เ–าะ	sara o	ɔʔ	o	orh, oh, or	o in "not"
เ–ีย	sara ia	iːa	ia	ear, ere, ie	ea in "ear"
เ–ียะ	sara ia	iaʔ	ia	iah, ear, ie	ea in "ear" with glottal stop
เ–ียว	sara iao	io	iao	eaw, iew, iow	io in "trio"
เ–ือ	sara uea	ɯːa	uea	eua, ua, ue	ure in "pure"
เ–ือะ	sara uea	ɯaʔ	uea	eua, ua	ure in "pure"
แ–	sara ae	ɛː	ae	a	a in "ham"
แ–ะ	sara ae	ɛʔ	ae	aeh, a	a in "at"
แ–็ –	sara ae	ɛ	ae	aeh, a	a in "at"
แ–ว	sara aeo	ɛːw	aeo	aew, eo	a in "ham" + ow in "low"
โ–	sara o	oː	o	or, oh	o in "go"
โ–ะ	sara o	oʔ	o	oh	o in "poke"
ใ–	sara ai mai muan	ɑj	ai	ay, y	i in "I"
ไ–	sara ai mai malai	ɑj	ai	ay, y	i in "I"

Symbol	Name	Meaning
ก่	mai ek	first tone mark
ก้	mai tho	second tone mark
ก๊	mai tri	third tone mark
ก๋	mai chattawa	fourth tone mark
ก็	mai taikhu	shortens vowel
ก์	thanthakhat, mai karan	indicates silent letter

Symbol	Name	Meaning
ฯ	paiyaan noi	preceding word is abbreviated
ฯลฯ	paiyaan yai	etc.
ๆ	mai yamok	preceding word or phrase is repeated